Article Information
Publication date (electronic): 30 June 2015
DOI: 10.emerg/10.17357.03a4747a4b28258c105148d3775522a1
Model-based analysis of urban energy systems (on the basis of a city’s energy Master Plan)
Consileon Business Consultancy
Bio:
Oliver Oldenburg, M.Sc., studied Industrial Engineering and Business Administration at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), receiving his Master degree in January 2014. Throughout his studies he worked as an analyst for the energy company EnBW AG and as intern for the URBIS foundation in central Togo. After finishing his Master thesis at European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER) in 2014 he started his current job as a Business Consultant at the Consileon Business Consultancy GmbH in Karlsruhe.
European Institute for Energy Research
Bio:
Syed Monjur Murshed, M.Sc., holds a Master degree in Geomatics from Karlsruhe University of applied Sciences (2006) and received a Bachelor degree in Urban and Regional Planning from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) in 2003. Mr. Murshed has more than 10 years of international experience in Geographic Information System (GIS) project management as well as its application in the field of environment and energy research. He has worked at the Centre for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology (CEDIM), the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI), and the Institute for Economic Policy and Research (IWW) at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). In 2007, he joined the EIFER as a GIS expert and research engineer. Since then he contributed to and led a number of public and industry funded projects on spatial modelling and simulation of energy demand, assessment of renewable energy resources, static and dynamic visualization of data at different scales, and on development of tools and models. Mr. Murshed is enlisted as an external PhD candidate at the Department of Economics and Management at KIT.
European Institute for Energy Research
Bio:
Enrique Kremers received his electrical and information technology engineering diploma from the Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Germany, in 2008. Since then he has been working as research and development engineer at the European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER, EDF & KIT) in Karlsruhe. In 2012, he received his PhD from Universidad del País Vasco, Spain, on the topic of modeling and simulation of energy systems through a complex systems approach. His main research focus is on modeling of distributed energy systems, by developing integrative and bottom-up simulation approaches, considering multiple spatial and temporal scales. Therefore methods from complexity science such as agent-based models and multi method modeling and model coupling are used. He has contributed to several EDF smart grid and smart city projects and is currently in charge of the Intelligent Energy System team in EIFER. Since 2014 he is lecturer at the Karlshochschule International University for the course Industry Energy Management.
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Bio:
Kai Mainzer, Dipl.-Wi.-Ing., studied Industrial Engineering and Business Administration at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). In 2012 he joined the Institute for Industrial Production (IIP), Chair of Energy Economics at KIT as a research assistant and PhD candidate. He is working on research projects involving the potentials for energy efficiency and renewable energies as well as the techno-economical optimization of energy systems in the context of cities and municipalities.
HECTOR School of Engineering and management
Bio:
Andreas Koch, Dipl.-Ing., M.Sc., studied Architecture at the Technical University in Berlin and City Design and Social Science at the London School of Economics and holds a Master degree in Energy Management. As chartered Architect and registered Energy Consultant (BAfA/dena) he has worked in the field of energy efficient construction for Minergie buildings and Passive Houses in Switzerland and Germany. In 2007 he joined the European Institute for Energy Research working on energy efficiency in buildings and urban neighborhoods. Mr. Koch led a number of public as well as industry funded projects. Since 2012 he is leading the research group “Energy Planning and Geosimulation” at EIFER conducting research in the field of spatial simulation of local energy systems and GIS based data analysis. For the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB) he is leading the working group “Energy” in the development process of the district assessment scheme and is a certified auditor for the German label for sustainable districts. Mr. Koch is a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Future Cities and Environment and regularly contributes to teaching programs, e.g., in the KIC InnoEnergy Master Program “Energy Technologies”–ENTECH, in the HECTOR School of Engineering and management, Engineering Module, both at KIT, DGNB training for new DGNB neighborhood auditors, as well as the Mastère Spécialisé Immobilier Bâtiment Énergie at the École des Ponts ParisTech.
Abstract
As half of the world’s population live in cities today, the topic of urbanization and urban energy systems shift continuously into society’s focus. It has become a common challenge for local governments to provide a so called “Master Plan”, outlining a long term vision for the city’s energy infrastructure, to which all planners and investors have to adhere. Being a top-down approach, these Master plans are first of all politically motivated documents, which focus on achieving given targets, such as CO2-emission reductions or higher shares of electric mobility. Originating from these targets, a set of milestones and measures is derived, e.g., the implementation of certain green technologies or refurbishments of buildings. The goal of this paper is to elaborate a model, which allows analysis of a Master Plan from a bottom-up perspective and thereby quantitatively assesses the plan with regards to its feasibility, while identifying possible bottlenecks in its implementation. The results can then serve the city planners to adapt their planning in order to avoid unforeseen problems, when putting the plan’s measures into practice. The approach pursued in this research is a combination of system dynamics and an agent-based simulation model of the city’s energy system, providing both a high spatial and temporal granularity. The model is developed with the multi-method modelling tool Anylogic and with Geographic Information System (GIS). The city itself is represented with its existing building and power infrastructure, which is then subject to the planned measures and developments. The core of the model implements on the one hand different energy generation technologies, both fossil fuels and renewables, reaching from big power plants to small local PV-installations on a private household’s roof. On the other hand, the heat and electricity consumers are represented through the buildings. The aim of the model is, at first, to provide a support system to analyze the short and long term effects of the Master Plan. Since its measures are usually not planned in detail concerning exact location or timing of the realization, the simulation results can provide references on these specific details. Secondly, the findings are used to identify the impact of single planned measures and their combinations which answers the questions of how, when and where local electricity and heat producers and the energy efficiency measures influence one another and if they have synergetic or competitive effects. Finally, a set of recommendations is derived from the analyses, which can help the city planners to transfer the strategic measures of the Master Plan into operative business.
Read Full Article
Access requires a current subscription